The sea cucumber genome provides insights into morphological evolution and visceral regeneration
نویسندگان
چکیده
Apart from sharing common ancestry with chordates, sea cucumbers exhibit a unique morphology and exceptional regenerative capacity. Here we present the complete genome sequence of an economically important sea cucumber, A. japonicus, generated using Illumina and PacBio platforms, to achieve an assembly of approximately 805 Mb (contig N50 of 190 Kb and scaffold N50 of 486 Kb), with 30,350 protein-coding genes and high continuity. We used this resource to explore key genetic mechanisms behind the unique biological characters of sea cucumbers. Phylogenetic and comparative genomic analyses revealed the presence of marker genes associated with notochord and gill slits, suggesting that these chordate features were present in ancestral echinoderms. The unique shape and weak mineralization of the sea cucumber adult body were also preliminarily explained by the contraction of biomineralization genes. Genome, transcriptome, and proteome analyses of organ regrowth after induced evisceration provided insight into the molecular underpinnings of visceral regeneration, including a specific tandem-duplicated prostatic secretory protein of 94 amino acids (PSP94)-like gene family and a significantly expanded fibrinogen-related protein (FREP) gene family. This high-quality genome resource will provide a useful framework for future research into biological processes and evolution in deuterostomes, including remarkable regenerative abilities that could have medical applications. Moreover, the multiomics data will be of prime value for commercial sea cucumber breeding programs.
منابع مشابه
Genome Sequences of Two Shewanella spp. Isolated from the Gut of the Sea Cucumber Apostichopus japonicus (Selenka, 1867)
In this study, we sequenced the genomes of two Shewanella spp., newly isolated from the gut of the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus (Selenka, 1867). The whole-genome sequences reported here will expand the repertoire of genomic information for the members of the genus Shewanella and will provide important insights into their roles within microbial communities.
متن کاملThe osteogenic differentiation stimulating activity of Sea cucumber methanolic crude extraction on rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
Objective(s):Sea cucumber derived bioactive compound is considered efficient in treatment of bone disorders. This study was performed to evaluate the effect of this extract on differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMMSc) into osteogenic lineage. Materials and Methods: Isolated rBMMSc were grown in DMEM supplemented with 10% FBS. The cells were exposed to different concen...
متن کاملGrowth, metabolism and immune responses to evisceration and the regeneration of viscera in sea cucumber, Apostichopus japonicus
متن کامل
Population structure of sea cucumber Holothuria parva by 16S rRNA mitochondrial in the costs of Bushehrand Halileh from Persian Gulf
Population structure of sea cucumber Holothuria parva in the coasts of Bushehr and Halileh from Persian Gulf was determined by 16S rRNA of mitochondrial genome sequencing in autumn and winter seasons of 2019. In Bushehr and Halileh populations, 2 and 4 haplotypes were identified out of 374 nucleotide sites, respectively, and haplotype 2 was the most abundant in Bushehr population and was observ...
متن کاملTemporal and spatial analysis of enteric nervous system regeneration in the sea cucumber Holothuria glaberrima
There is limited information on the regeneration of the enteric nervous system (ENS) following major reconstruction of the digestive tract. We have studied ENS regeneration in the sea cucumber Holothuria glaberrima which undergoes an organogenic process forming a new digestive tract at the tip of the mesentery. Our results show that (1) a degeneration of nerve fibers occurs early in the regener...
متن کامل